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Scientific Programmes
Psychosomatic, Anxiety and Impulse Control Disorders
COORDINATOR: DR. JOSÉ MANUEL MENCHÓN MAGRIÑA (G17 - Fundación IDIBELL. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge)
Several groups have registered different patents:
1) Prediction of response to treatment with antip- sychotic agents in first psychotic episodes; 2) Pro- cedure for obtaining and pharmaceutical compo- sition of polymeric nanoparticles for treatment of neuropathic pain produced by peripheral nervous compression.
In the field of cognitive impairment and dementia, the first study using DSM-5 criteria for studying slight cognitive impairment in the population and rates of conversion into dementia has been pub- lished. The first scale of multidimensional stage classification of dementias has also appeared. An- other finding published with international groups has been the one suggesting a reduction in the prev- alence and incidence of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease in several European countries. The partic- ipation in an international consortium has enabled transnationally comparing the frequency of slight cognitive impairment after standardising criteria.
A project has been granted involving 8 groups about the relationship of the microbiota, inflammation and depression. Apart from this, a study suggests that the mechanisms of neuroinflammation could be studied through the “Optical Coherence Tomo- gram” (OCT) technique, which seeks “window to the brain” strategies.
With regard to suicidal conduct, we have partici- pated in projects with extensive international co- operation, such as the WORECA (World Research Consortium for Suicide) Project and other studies of genetic markers, risk prediction and new models for understanding the problem.
As regards the obsessive-compulsive disorder, fi- nancing has been obtained for a project on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms for developing and val- idating a cellular model by reprogramming. Several groups are taking part in preparing a Clinical Guide on pharmacological treatment of this pathology. Apart from this an extensive meta-analysis has been published with participation of the main inter- national groups on the effectiveness of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in obsessive-compulsive disor- ders.
Other projects have been carried out in deep brain stimulation, both as regards a basic level with stud- ies intended to clarify molecular mechanisms in- volved in the antidepressant therapeutic response of deep brain stimulation (particularly AMPA recep- tors), and on the clinical study level, completing an international clinical multi-centre assay of DBS in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
In chronic pain the neurobiological causes underly- ing the appearance of anxiety have been identified (with a direct implication of the Locus Coeruleus and CRF, through ERK1/2 signalling) and the po- tential relationship of chronic pain with depression and cognitive alterations by finding a reduction of hippocampal neurogenesis in experimental chronic pain. A nationwide cooperative study has managed to establish the frequency of different mental dis- orders associated with chronic pain in the Spanish population.
We finally continue to participate in European and international consortiums studying the burden of disease as well as the priority lines of research into mental health.
CIBERSAM I Annual report 2015 I 23