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CIBERDEM 57
HRI activators (“heme-regulated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2a kinase”) have been shown to be a pro- mising drug therapy for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease due to their ability to increase FGF21 levels (Zarei et al., Br. J. Pharmacol. 2019).
The molecular mechanism has been described that implicates a new effector of inflammatory response, phospholipa- se A2 group IVC (or cytosolic phospholipase A2 c γ, cPLA2γ), in the remodeling of membranes that occurs during cell activation in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases (Guijas et al., Cells 2019; Lebrero et al., Cells 2019).
Identification of biomarkers
of risk of diabetes progression
New biomarkers of diabetes remission have been described after bariatric surgery (Ceperuelo-Mallafré et al., Diabetes Care 2019), and of dysfunction of subcutaneous adipose tissue in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (Malpique et al., Pediatr Obes. 2019), of low-grade chronic inflammation in PCOS (Fuertes-Martín et al., J Proteome Res. 2019) and of ovulatory frequency and liver fat.
A new class of lipids with antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties has been described, which also have antia- poptotic properties, since their formation reduces intracellular concentrations of free hydroxy acids (Rodríguez et al., Cancers 2019).
A completely automated method of serum glycoprotein quantification using 1H-NMR has been developed, compatible with the Liposcale-TM test, previously developed, which is very useful for evaluating the degree of chronic inflam- mation in obesity and diabetes.
A nanostructured silicon substrate coated with gold nanoparticles has been designed, manufactured and validated, which allows to acquire metabolomic images by printing the tissues on it (Alexandra S, Advanced Functional Material 2019), and allows to acquire images at cellular resolution by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.
A novel open source computational tool, CliqueMS, has been developed to annotate undirected metabolic data based on LC-MS. CliqueMS is able to correctly annotate more metabolites and adducts from a single spectrum than the tools available to date (Senan O, Bioinformatics 2019).
Determinants of insulin resistance:
molecular mechanisms involved
Insulin receptor isoform A has been reported to increase hepatic glucose uptake and improve hepatic steatosis under conditions of insulin resistance induced by a high fat diet (López-Pastor et al., Dis Model Mech. 2019).